Validation of upper-air observations taken during the ARMEX-I and its impact on the global analysis-forecast system

Abstract

During ARMEX-I several special observations were taken over Arabian Sea region and adjoining west coast of India, which gave an opportunity to study this region more thoroughly. To handle such voluminous data, ARMEX data center has been established at National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), in collaboration with India Meteorological Department (IMD) and Indian Institute Technology (IIT), Delhi. One of the tasks of this center is to produce reanalysis for ARMEX period, utilizing these observations. It is essential to assimilate every observation from all available sources, especially over the data sparse oceanic regions for accurate determination of the three-dimensional structure of the atmospheric circulation.   Before assimilating these data in global data assimilation system of NCMRWF, an attempt has been made to validate some of these data against observational facts from other sources.  Upper-air observations (Digicora) from Dabolim, Goa have been compared with RS/RW observation of IMD, at Panjim, Goa. Though the trend in variations of all the meteorological parameters of these two stations is similar but there is a large difference in their absolute values.  Reanalysis generated using the specially collected upper-air observations have been compared with the operational analysis of NCMRWF. The impact of these special observations on analysis and forecast system is found to be confined over the Arabian Sea region only in the lower troposphere. However, in the upper troposphere and stratosphere the impact is seen also over the equatorial Indian Ocean region.