On optimum rain rate estimation from a pulsed Doppler Weather Radar at Chennai

Abstract

A 10 cm S-band Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) has been installed as a replacement of an outlived analogue S-band radar at Cyclone Detection Radar (CDR) station, Chennai during September-October, 2001. Technical specifications and capabilities of this DWR have been briefly mentioned in this paper. The digital data obtained from this DWR have been used for the period November-December, 2001 to estimate the rain rate based on the Marshall-Palmer relationship between the radar reflectivity factor (z) and the rain rate (R). The relation z = 267R^1.345  estimates well the rain rate as measured by the self recording rain gauges located within 100 km radius from the DWR. This relationship has been tested for its operational applicability during March 2002 - December, 2003 and found that the accumulated precipitation from the radar estimation was within an error of 15% from the rain gauge measured values. Information on the twenty four hours accumulated areal distribution of precipitation can be used by the water managers and operational hydrologists  for the effective water management over the catchments since the error in rain rate estimation over a wider area is relatively small in comparison to point rainfall estimation.